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IoT Unravelled Part 3: Security

Troy Hunt

In part 1 of this series, I posited that the IoT landscape is an absolute mess but Home Assistant (HA) does an admirable job of tying it all together. I also looked at custom firmware and soldering and why, to my mind, that was a path I didn't need to go down at this time. Now for the big challenge - security. Let's dive into it.

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Overview of IoT threats in 2023

SecureList

IoT devices (routers, cameras, NAS boxes, and smart home components) multiply every year. The first-ever large-scale malware attacks on IoT devices were recorded back in 2008, and their number has only been growing ever since. Telnet, the overwhelmingly popular unencrypted IoT text protocol, is the main target of brute-forcing.

IoT 101
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Mozi P2P Botnet also targets Netgear, Huawei, and ZTE devices

Security Affairs

Mozi is an IoT botnet that borrows the code from Mirai variants and the Gafgyt malware , it appeared on the threat landscape in late 2019. Now researchers from Microsoft Security Threat Intelligence Center and Section 52 at Azure Defender for IoT have monitored a new evolution of the threat that extent the list of targets. .

IoT 103
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Hacking the Twinkly IoT Christmas lights

Security Affairs

Security researchers discovered some flaws in the Twinkly IoT lights that could be exploited display custom lighting effects and to remotely turn off them. The communications are not encrypted, however the WiFi password is sent encrypted during set up (albeit trivial to decrypt).” Pierluigi Paganini.

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Experts share details of five flaws that can be chained to hack Netgear RAX30 Routers 

Security Affairs

Industrial and IoT cybersecurity firm Claroty disclosed technical details of five vulnerabilities that be exploited to hack some Netgear router models. These vulnerabilities require an attacker to have your WiFi password or an Ethernet connection to your network to be exploited.” ” reads the advisory published by NETGEAR.

Hacking 96
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GhostDNS malware already infected over 100K+ devices and targets 70+ different types of home routers

Security Affairs

Attackers have already hijacked over 100,000 home routers, the malicious code allows to modify DNS settings to hijack the traffic and redirect users to phishing websites. GhostDNS reminds us of the infamous DNSChanger malware that made the headlines for its ability to change DNS settings on the infected device.

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For nearly a year, Brazilian users have been targeted with router attacks

Security Affairs

The campaign uncovered by Avast aimed at silently modifying the Brazilian users’ Domain Name System (DNS) settings to redirect victims to malicious websites mimicking legitimate ones. “ Malware then guesses routers’ passwords , which new research from Avast shows are often weak. ” states the analysis published by Avast.

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